Vector

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Chikungunya virus is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes (Ae. aegypti&Ae. albopictus) which breed in clean water collections in containers, tanks, disposables, junk material in domestic and peri-domestic situations besides natural habitats like tree holes, plantations etc. Like Dengue its transmission is also related to rainfall and temperature. In recent years, it has been observed that during the period of monsoon and post-monsoon there is an upsurge in the cases because population of the vector fluctuates with rainfall and its life span is influenced by temperature and humidity. A high vector density in the post-monsoon season enhances virus transmission.

Aedesaegypti is the main vector of transmission of Chikungunya in Bangladesh. However, Aedes albopictus has also been found to be playing a part in some areas. They are principally day biters. Eggs of these vectors have the ability to withstand desiccation for more than a year. This could result in the virus to remain in nature for long periods and cause outbreaks. Flight range of these vector mosquitoes are less making the outbreaks to occur in clusters, especially in congested localities. Recently, it has also been shown that viraemia are quite high and infected mosquitoes could transmit the disease to more than one person since small amounts of blood in the proboscis still carry large quantity of virus. Aedes mosquitoes take multiple feeds per day and it would also result in small focal outbreaks. In the initial part of outbreak, individual population is not protected which could result in larger outbreaks.