1.1 Introduction

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Dengue is a disease caused by an arbovirus, which has four serotypes and that is transmitted by Aedes mosquito. It is regarded as the most important arthropod transmitted human viral disease, and constitutes an important global health problem. Dengue ranks as the most important, rapidly emerged disease in recent years and is endemic in all continents. It has shown an increase due to various reasons-construction activities, lifestyle changes, deficient water management, improper water storage, stagnation of rain water in containers lying outside houses and practices leading to proliferation of vector breeding sites in urban, semi-urban and rural areas. With the huge outbreak of dengue in Bangladesh in 2000, it has established itself as an important health problem of Bangladesh. In the year 2019 there was significant increase in number of cases of dengue occurring throughout the country and even from the rural areas though the case fatality rate (CFR) was not very high.

Dengue virus infections may be asymptomatic or may lead to undifferentiated fever, dengue fever, or dengue haemorrhage fever (DHF) with plasma leakage that may lead to hypovolaemic shock Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS). This range of manifestations of dengue virus infection may be defined as Dengue Syndrome.