Executive Summary
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Executive summary
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized and identified by the presence of persistent hyperglycemia.
- The etiopathology of DM includes defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, and disturbances of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism.
- Type 1 diabetes (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and Gestational Diabetes (GDM) are the common types of DM.
- T1DM usually presents with classical features of hyperglycemia including polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss and generalized weakness.
- T2DM and other forms of diabetes mellitus may remain asymptomatic for quite a long period resulting in late diagnosis and intervention.
- A significant proportion of T2DM cases may present with one or more chronic complications.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized and identified by the presence of persistent hyperglycemia. Varying degrees of etiopathologies include principally defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both, and disturbances of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism.1 In recent times several other pathological pathways are recognized, especially in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).