12.1 Identification of populations for testing for LTBI

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Not all individuals infected with M. tuberculosis develop active TB. For the programmatic management of LTBI, systematic testing and treatment of LTBI should be carried out in the at-risk populations. People who have risk of acquiring TB infection and subsequently developing TB disease are defined as priority or target groups to receive TPT. These groups include:

• People living with HIV
• Contacts of TB patients with following conditions
  • <5 or ≥ 60 years old
  • Diabetics
  • Other clinical vulnerabilities
    • CKD with or without on dialysis
    • Anti-TNF treatment
    • Transplantation (including candidate)
    • Silicosis
    • Smoking
    • Substance abuse

Note: Emphasis should be given in special conditions ie; prisoners, co-workers etc for testing and treatment for LTBI.